Nutrition and Diet

Nutrition and Diet is the science of how food affects our bodies. It is important to eat a nutritious diet to get the nutrients we need to stay healthy and prevent chronic diseases.

Nutrients:

Nutrition and Diet are substances that our bodies need to function properly. There are six essential nutrients:

  • Carbohydrates: Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of energy. They are found in foods such as bread, pasta, rice, fruits, and vegetables.
  • Protein: Protein is needed to build and repair tissues. It is found in foods such as meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, legumes, and nuts.
  • Fat: Fat is a source of energy and is also needed for cell growth and hormone production. It is found in foods such as oils, nuts, seeds, and avocados.
  • Vitamins: Vitamins are essential for many bodily functions, such as vision, immunity, and wound healing. They are found in a variety of foods, including fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
  • Minerals: Minerals are also essential for many bodily functions, such as bone health, muscle function, and nerve function. They are found in a variety of foods, including fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and whole grains.
  • Water: Water is essential for all life. It makes up about 60% of our body weight and is needed for all bodily functions.

Food groups:

Foods are divided into five food groups based on their nutrient content:

  • Fruits: Fruits are a good source of vitamins, minerals, and fiber.
  • Vegetables: Vegetables are also a good source of vitamins, minerals, and fiber. They are also low in calories.
  • Grains: Grains are a good source of carbohydrates, fiber, and B vitamins.
  • Protein foods: Protein foods are a good source of protein, iron, and zinc.
  • Dairy products: Dairy products are a good source of calcium, vitamin D, and protein.

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